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Competitiveness indicators (based on unit labour costs for the total economy)1

	Euro area	Belgium	Germany	Estonia	Ireland	Greece	Spain	France	Italy	Cyprus	Latvia	Lithuania	Luxembourg	Malta	Netherlands	Austria	Portugal	Slovenia	Slovak Republic	Finland
	Q2 21
	period averages; index 1999 Q1 = 100
1. Period average	x	94.0	87.1	175.8	59.2	84.3	93.6	92.3	98.1	91.6	158.4	153.8	132.8	113.3	98.3	96.7	102.5	104.2	178.6	92.0
2. Percentage change versus previous period	x	1.0	−1.4	−0.4	−3.2	−3.4	−3.5	−0.2	0.2	2.0	−0.2	1.6	2.6	0.2	−2.4	−0.5	−1.1	0.6	−1.1	−0.4
3. Percentage change versus previous year	x	−0.9	−1.5	−3.2	−4.0	−9.8	−1.7	−0.7	1.1	2.7	3.5	9.7	6.4	−1.3	−2.2	1.3	−1.6	−2.3	0.7	3.1
4. Percentage change since 1998 Q4	x	−6.6	−15.5	70.8	−44.8	−16.1	−7.2	−8.8	−4.1	−9.8	62.8	59.5	30.4	13.1	−3.2	−3.4	1.6	2.7	80.3	−10.8
Source: ECB.
For user support, please contact statistics@ecb.europa.eu.
1  For the euro area the real effective exchange rate of the euro vis-à-vis 19 trading partners is displayed. For euro area countries the table shows the Harmonised Competitiveness Indicators calculated vis-à-vis these same 19 trading partners plus the other euro area countries. A positive/negative change points to a decrease/increase in price competitiveness. For further information please refer to the explanatory note

language: German English	time series: quarters:  from year199519961997199819992000200120022003200420052006200720082009201020112012201320142015201620172018201920202021from monthQ1Q2Q3Q4 fix header:

last update on 06.12.2021 13:45

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