DATA - Leading economic indicators

Leading economic indicators
	Production index¹	Investment in machinery and equipment²	Exports³	Consumer spending intentions⁴	Production expectations⁵	Selling price expectations⁵
	Production index¹	Investment in machinery and equipment²	Exports³	Consumer spending intentions⁴	Manufacturing industry
	Annual change in %			Balance of opinions

2021	9.5	7.9	16.1	−15	20	37
2022	3.9	−0.4	17.6	−31	7	51
2023	−0.1	−0.9	3.0	−38	−1	9



Q4 22	2.4	11.5	13.8	−37	−2	44
Q1 23	2.5	0.7	10.0	−38	7	26
Q2 23	0.3	7.8	2.9	−38	−1	7
Q3 23	−0.6	−5.3	−1.8	−38	−7	−3
Q4 23	−2.0	−6.2	1.4	−37	−4	4
Q1 24	x	−7.4	−4.6	−36	−8	7



May 23	−0.9	x	−0.5	−40	−5	6
June 23	−0.2	x	3.0	−37	−3	−1
July 23	0.5	x	2.1	−37	−6	3
Aug. 23	−1.0	x	0.0	−36	−6	−6
Sep. 23	−1.5	x	−6.9	−40	−9	−5
Oct. 23	−0.8	x	5.2	−36	−1	5
Nov. 23	−5.3	x	5.2	−39	−3	3
Dec. 23	0.1	x	−7.6	−36	−7	5
Jan. 24	−4.2	x	2.3	−35	−3	12
Feb. 24	−7.6	x	5.0	−39	−8	4
Mar. 24	−5.5	x	−17.5	−33	−12	5
Apr. 24	x	x	x	−28	−3	11
May 24	x	x	x	−30	−8	15

Source: Statistics Austria, WIFO, European Commission, Ipsos Austria.

¹ Statistics Austria; Ø 2021 = 100; Industrial production including construction.
² Based on real output data (national accounts). Following ESA 2010.
³ Nominal exports of goods (trade balance, Statistics Austria).
⁴ Balance of opinions on the question: "Compared to the past 12 months, do you plan to spend more or less money on major purchases (furniture, electrical/electronic devices, etc.) over the next 12 months?"
⁵ Net balance of production and selling price expectations (seasonally adjusted) according to the quarterly WIFO Investment and Business Surveys. Monthly data based on the business surveys of the European Commission. Data following Önace 2008 revision 2, until April 2010 following Önace 2003.