DATA - Real effective exchange rates

Real effective exchange rates CPI-based, broad group of partner countries
	2021	2022	2023	Dec. 23	Jan. 24	Feb. 24	Mar. 24	Apr. 24	May 24

	Annual change in %

Belgium	x	x	x	x	x	x	x	x	x
Germany	0.8	−2.5	3.7	2.7	2.1	1.4	1.3	0.3	1.1
Estonia	1.5	6.3	7.4	5.9	5.5	3.9	4.0	4.1	1.3
Ireland	0.0	−4.6	3.7	2.6	1.7	0.8	0.6	−1.0	0.0
Greece	−1.2	−1.4	1.7	3.0	2.5	2.1	2.6	1.2	0.4
Spain	0.7	−1.9	0.5	2.0	2.1	1.3	1.9	1.2	1.7
France	−0.3	−4.7	3.5	3.3	2.5	2.0	1.4	0.3	0.8
Croatia	0.5	−0.7	4.7	4.2	3.5	3.4	3.7	2.7	2.4
Italy	−0.4	−2.3	3.4	−0.9	−0.4	−0.7	0.0	−1.4	−1.2
Cyprus	−0.2	−3.1	4.0	2.7	2.8	2.2	1.8	0.6	1.7
Latvia	0.4	2.6	7.1	2.6	1.7	0.2	1.0	0.5	−0.5
Lithuania	2.0	3.9	6.3	1.4	0.4	0.0	−0.6	−1.6	−1.0
Luxembourg	0.8	−1.6	−0.6	1.3	1.1	1.2	1.5	0.7	0.9
Malta	−1.2	−3.4	4.2	3.5	3.8	2.7	2.5	1.1	1.3
Netherlands	0.1	1.2	1.1	−0.7	1.6	0.9	1.6	0.3	0.5
Austria	0.2	−2.1	3.8	3.6	2.6	2.2	2.6	1.2	1.3
Portugal	−1.6	−1.9	2.3	0.1	0.6	0.3	0.8	−0.2	1.4
Slovenia	−0.4	−1.4	2.9	2.7	1.0	1.4	1.8	1.8	1.0
Slovak Republic	0.0	1.2	6.1	3.9	2.3	1.7	0.9	0.2	0.4
Finland	−0.7	−4.1	2.8	1.1	0.6	0.2	−0.2	−1.2	−1.1
Euro area	0.4	−3.5	4.7	2.4	2.5	1.9	2.2	0.4	1.3



Bulgaria	1.0	2.2	5.4	3.8	2.7	2.1	2.0	0.3	0.5
Czech Republic	3.8	8.7	10.1	4.3	−2.6	−6.1	−6.2	−6.8	−4.6
Denmark	−0.8	−2.0	1.8	−0.3	−0.1	−0.7	−0.3	−1.5	0.2
Hungary	0.4	−4.7	15.3	10.4	5.6	0.8	−0.8	−3.2	−2.3
Poland	−0.4	−0.7	10.6	13.2	10.9	12.1	10.6	8.9	6.9
Romania	0.1	1.2	5.5	4.3	4.7	4.1	4.4	3.4	3.1
Sweden	2.9	−7.0	−3.3	−0.4	2.0	0.8	0.6	−1.8	−1.6



United Kingdom	3.8	−2.5	3.6	5.1	7.0	7.1	6.8	4.3	3.2
Norway	6.3	−2.6	−9.2	−7.6	−5.8	−4.5	−3.3	−1.7	−0.4
Switzerland	−3.0	−0.8	4.9	6.6	8.2	5.6	3.8	0.7	−0.6
U.S.A.	−2.0	9.1	−0.8	−2.0	0.0	0.1	−0.4	1.6	0.7
Japan	−9.0	−14.5	−4.5	−5.2	−7.9	−8.4	−8.6	−10.1	−9.6

Source: Eurostat, European Commission.

Sources of international organizations are used in this area to facilitate comparison. As a consequence, the data for Austria may deviate from those shown in the other sections.